RESUMO
Although ascidians form a conspicuous part of sessile assemblages in the Caribbean, no specialized inventories have been developed in Venezuela, except for a list of 15 species reported from Margarita Island (1984). Here we present the results of a taxonomic workshop held in the Universidad de Oriente, Boca del Rio, Margarita Island during April 20-25 of 2009, sponsored by the NaGISA-Caribbean Sea program. La Restinga National park was surveyed and we found 29 species belonging to 19 genera and 10 families. The most abundant colonial species were Clavelina oblonga, Aplidium accarense, Polyclinum constellatum, Distaplia bermudensis, Symplegma rubra, S. brakenhielmi, Botrylloides nigrum and Ecteinascidia turbinata. Among the solitary ascidians Phallusia nigra, Ascidia curvata, Microcosmus exasperatus, Styela canopus, Styela sp.1 and Styela sp. 2 were the most abundant. The ascidian diversity in this lagoon is one of the highest for similar habitats in the Caribbean and seven species are new registers for Venezuela (Ascidia curvata, Ecteinascidia styeloides, Aplidium accarense, Distaplia stylifera, Trididemnum orbiculatum, Symplegma rubra, and S. brakenhielmi). One point of concern for the conservation of la Restinga National Park is the presence of possible introduced species, and some management procedures are suggested.
Apesar das ascídias formarem uma parte conspícua das comunidades incrustantes no Caribe, nenhum inventário especializado foi realizado na Venezuela, com exceção de uma lista de 15 espécies registradas na Ilha Margarita (1984). Aqui apresentamos os resultados de um workshop de taxonomia realizado na Universidad de Oriente, Boca del Rio, Margarita Island em 20-25 de abril de 2009, como parte do programa NaGISA-Caribbean Sea program. O Parque Nacional La Restinga foi estudado e encontradas 29 espécies pertencendo a 19 gêneros e 10 famílias. As espécies coloniais mais abundantes foram Clavelina oblonga, Aplidium accarense, Polyclinum constellatum, Distaplia bermudensis, Symplegma rubra, S. brakenhielmi, Botrylloides nigrum e Ecteinascidia turbinata. Entre as espécies solitárias, Phallusia nigra, Ascidia curvata, Microcosmus exasperatus, Styela canopus, Styela sp.1 e Styela sp. 2 foram as mais abundantes. A diversidade de ascídias nesta laguna é uma das maiores neste tipo de habitat no Caribe e sete espécies representam novos registros para a Venezuela (Ascidia curvata, Ecteinascidia styeloides, Aplidium accarense, Distaplia stylifera, Trididemnum orbiculatum, Symplegma rubra, e S. brakenhielmi). Uma questão de preocupação para a conservação do Parque Nacional La Restinga é a presença de possíveis espécies exóticas, portanto algumas medidas de manejo são sugeridas.
RESUMO
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal con el objetivo de contribuir en el conocimiento de las características epidemiológicas de los pacientes alcohólicos ingresados en la sala Rogelio Paredes del Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana durante el período de Enero 2007 a Julio 2008. El universo incluyó los 203 ingresos del período y la muestra fue de 135 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Concluida la primera semana, se aplicó una encuesta estructurada validada por expertos e instrumentos específicos para adicciones. Predominaron los pacientes blancos entre 31 y 50 años con nivel escolar medio y en su gran mayoría divorciados. El alcoholismo, la epilepsia, la psicosis, el retraso mental y el suicidio, fueron los antecedentes patológicos más frecuentes entre los familiares, 43 por ciento de los pacientes sufrieron el deceso de un progenitor o la separación previa de los padres, antes de cumplir los 15 años de edad(AU)
With the aim to contribute to the knowledge about the epidemiological characteristics of the alcoholic patients admitted in the ward Rogelio Paredes of the Psychiatric Hospital of Havana, it was carried out a transversal cut descriptive study during the period January 2007 January 2008. The study included the 203 patients admitted and the sample was of 135 patients that applied for the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the first week, a validated and structured questionnaire was applied by experts and with the use of specific instruments for additions. It was most noticeable patients of white race, aged 31 to 50, with college degree, and most of them were divorced.The pathological backgrounds more frequently among their relatives were alcoholism, epilepsy, psychosis, mental retard and suicide; 43 percent of these patients suffered the diseased of one of their parents or their got divorced before these patients were 15 years old(AU)
